/*  printf is a standard C function that's a great way to easily print 
 *  data to the console using format specifiers. That being said, it's 
 *  common knowledge that you should NEVER give a user the ability to directly 
 *  set the first parameter of a function that can take format specifiers.
 *  To pass this challenge, you need to find out why users shouldn't be given 
 *  full control of printf. A vulnerable function will take a string you provide 
 *  and pass it to printf along with a value you need to modify.
 */
//  A format specifier is a character set like %s or %f. 
//  Look for one that writes to memory.
//  int printf ( const char * format, ... );

//  dont allow people to write their own format strings with printf - said a wise man
std::string input = "i444 %n";